A transcription of Romans in 1991S1The New TestamentDas Neue TestamentThe Epistle to the RomansRomansCreated byThe International Greek New Testament ProjectTranscribed byDimitra MaravelakiTranscribed byPanagiota (Penny) MantouvalouReconciled byAmy MyshrallProofread byAmy MyshrallThis transcription was made as part of the CATENA project, which has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no. 770816).The Institute for Textual Scholarship and Electronic EditingVersion 1.1, created on 10.01.2022, archived on the University of Birmingham eData repository on 13.5.2024.The International Greek New Testament Project (IGNTP)13.5.2024

Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) Available for re-use under a creative commons license provided attribution is made to the original creators.

Vatican CityCittà del VaticanoBiblioteca Apostolica VaticanaVat. gr. 6461991S131991

This transcription was made by the International Greek New Testament Project in its work towards the Editio Critica Maior.

This transcription was produced using the online transcription editor developed by the Center for Digital Humanities at the University of Trier as part of the Workspace for Collaborative Editing Project between 2010 and 2013 and made available for use by the Institute for Textual Scholarship and Electronic Editing and the University of Birmingham.

The XML specifications used are version 1.6 of the IGNTP Guidelines available at

An inscription is attached to the beginning of the commentary.
The first 8 folia (16 pages) are a supplement to the codex written by a different hand. This same hand has supplied text over the repair patches in the main codex.παυλοςUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineδουλοςUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineιυχυUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineκλητοςUntranscribed commentary text within the line Untranscribed commentary text within the lineαποστολοςUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineαφωρισμενοςUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text οπροεπηγγειλατοδιατωνπροφητωναυτουUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineενγραφαιςαγιαιςUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineπε ριτουυιουαυτουτουγενομενουεκσπερματοςδαδκατασαρκα One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineτουορισθεν τοςυιουθυενδυναμεικαταπνααγιωσυνηςεξαναστασεωςνεκρων ιυχυτουκυημωνUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineδιουελαβομενχαριν καιαποστοληνειςυπακοηνπιστεωςUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineενπασιτοιςεθνεσινυποτουονοματος αυτουUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineενοιςεστεκαιυμειςκλητοιιυχυUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineπασιτοις ουσινενρωμηαγαπητοιςθυκλητοιςαγιοιςUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineχαριςυμινκαιειρηνη One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineαποθυπρςημωνκαικυιυχυUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineπρωτονμενευχαριστωτωθωμουδιαιυχυυπερπαντωνυμωνοτι ηπιστιςυμωνκαταγγελλεταιενολωτωκοσμωUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineμαρτυςγαρμουεστινοθςωλατρευωεντωπνιμουεντωευαγ γελιωτουυιουαυτουωςαδιαλειπτωςμνειανυμωνποιουμαιπαν τοτεεπιτωνπροσευχωνμουUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineδεομενος ειπωςηδηποτεευοδωθησομαιεντωθεληματιτουθυελθεινπρος υμαςUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineεπιποθωγαριδειν υμαςινατιμεταδωχαρισμαυμινπνικονUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineειςτοστηριχθηναι υμαςτουτοδεεστισυμπαρακληθηναιενυμινδιατηςεναλλη λοιςπιστεωςυμωντεκαιεμουUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineουθελωδευμαςαγνοειναδελφοιο τιπολλακιςπροεθεμηνελθεινπροςυμαςκαιεκωλυθηναρχριτης δευροUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineινατινα καρπονσχωκαιενυμινκαθωςκαιεντοιςλοιποιςεθνεσινUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineελλησιντεκαιβαρβαροιςσοφοις τεκαιανοητοιςοφειλετηςειμιουτωςτοκατεμεπροθυμονκαιυμιν τοιςενρωμηευαγγελισασθαιUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineουγαρεπαισχυ νομαιτοευαγγελιοντουχυδυναμιςθυγαρεστινειςσριανπαντιτω πιστευοντιιουδαιωτεπρωτονκαιελληνιUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineδικαιοσυνηγαρθυ εναυτωαποκαλυπτεταιεκπιστεωςειςπιστινκαθωςγεγραπταιο δεδικαιοςεκπιστεωςζησεταιUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineαποκαλυπτεταιγαροργηθυαπουνουεπιπασανασεβειαν καιαδικιανανωντωντηναληθειανεναδικιακατεχοντωνUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineδιοτιτογνωστοντουθυφανερονεστινεναυτου ογαρθεοςαυτοιςεφανερωσεταγαραορατααυτουαποκτισεωςκοσμουτοις ποιημασινοουμενακαθοραταιητεαιδιοςαυτουδυναμιςκαιθειοτηςειςτοThere is a space for these words, but no evidence they were written or erased. ειναιαυτουςεναπολογητουςδιοτιγνοντεςτονθνουχωςθνεδοξασαν ηουχαριστησανUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineαλλεματαιωθησανεντοιςδιαλογισμοιςαυτωνκαι εσκοτισθηηασυνθετοςαυτωνκαρδιαφασκοντεςειναισοφοιεμα ρανθησανUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineκαιηλλαξαντοτηνδοξαντουαφθαρ τουθυενομοιωματιεικονοςφθαρτουανουκαιπετεινωνκαιτετρα ποδωνκαιερπετωνUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineδιοκαιπαρεδωκεναυτουςοθςενταιςεπιθυμιαιςτων καρδιωναυτωνειςακαθαρσιαντουατιμαζεσθαιτασωματααυτωνενεαυ τοιςοιτινεςμετηλλαξαντηναληθειαντουθυεντωψευδεικαιεσεβασθη σανκαιελατρευσαντηκτισειπαρατονκτισανταοςεστινευλογητοςειςτουςαι ωναςαμηνUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineδιατουτοπαρεδωκεναυτουςοθςειςπαθηατι μιαςαιτεγαρθηλειαιαυτωνμετηλλαξαντηνφυσικηνχρησινειςτηνπαρα φυσινομοιωςδεκαιοιαρρενεςαφεντεςτηνφυσικηνχρησιντηςθηλειας εξεκαυθησαντηορεξειαυτωνειςαλληλουςαρσενεςεναρσεσιτηνασχημο συνηνκατεργαζομενοικαιτηναντιμισθιανηνεδειτηςπλανηςενεαυ τοιςαπολαμβανοντεςUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineκαικαθωςουκεδοκιμασαντονθν εχεινενεπιγνωσειπαρεδωκεναυτουςοθςειςαδοκιμοννουνποιεινταμεν καθηκονταUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineπεπληρωμενουςπασηαδικιαUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineπορνειαUntranscribed commentary text within the line Untranscribed commentary text within the lineπονηριαUntranscribed commentary text within the line Untranscribed commentary text within the lineπλεονεξιαUntranscribed commentary text within the lineκακιαUntranscribed commentary text within the line Untranscribed commentary text within the lineμεστουςφθονουφονουUntranscribed commentary text within the line Untranscribed commentary text within the lineεριδοςδολουUntranscribed commentary text within the line Untranscribed commentary text within the lineκακοηθειαςUntranscribed commentary text within the line Untranscribed commentary text within the lineψιθυρισταςUntranscribed commentary text within the line Untranscribed commentary text within the lineκαταλαλουςUntranscribed commentary text within the lineθεοστυγειςUntranscribed commentary text within the line Untranscribed commentary text within the lineυβρισταςυπερηφανουςαλαζοναςUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineεφευρετας κακωνUntranscribed commentary text within the line Untranscribed commentary text within the lineγονευσιναπειθειςUntranscribed commentary text within the lineασυνετουςUntranscribed commentary text within the line Untranscribed commentary text within the lineασυνθετουςUntranscribed commentary text within the line Untranscribed commentary text within the lineασπονδουςαστοργουςανελεημοναςUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineοιτινεςτοδικαιωματουθυγνοντες οτιοιτατοιαυταπραττοντεςαξιοιθανατουεισινουμονοναυταποιουσιναλλακαισυνευδοκουσιν τοιςπραττουσινUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the line
διοκαιανα πολογητοςειωανεπαςοκρινωνενωγαρκρινειςτονετερονσεαυτονκατακρινειςτα γαραυταπρασσειςοκρινωνUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineοιδαμενδεοτιτοκριμα τουθυεστικατααληθειανεπιτουςτατοιαυταπρασσονταςUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineλογιζηδετουτοωανεοκρινωντους τατοιαυταπρασσονταςκαιποιωναυταοτισυεκφευξητοκριματουθυητουπλουτουτης χρηστοτητοςαυτουκαιτηςανοχηςκαιτηςμακροθυμιαςκαταφρονειςαγνοωνοτιτοχρηστον τουθυειςμετανοιανσεαγεικαταδετηνσκληροτητασουκαιαμετανοητονκαρδιανθησαυ ριζειςσεαυτωοργηνενημεραοργηςκαιαποκαλυψεωςκαιδικαιοκρισιαςτουθυος αποδωσειεκαστωκαταταεργααυτουUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineτοιςμενκαθυπομονηνεργουαγαθουδοξανκαιτιμηνκαιαφθαρσιαν ζητουσιζωηναιωνιονUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineτοιςδεεξεριθειας καιαπειθουσιμεντηαληθειαπειθομενοιςδετηαδικιαθυμοςκαιοργηθλιψιςκαιστενο χωριαεπιπασανψυχηνανουτουκατεργαζομενουτοκακονιουδαιουτεπρωτονκαιελληνος One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineδοξαδε τιμηκαιειρηνηπαντιτωεργαζομενωτοαγαθονιουδαιωτεπρωτονκαιελληνιουγαρεστινπροσω ποληψιαπαρατωθωUntranscribed commentary text within the line One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text One line of untranscribed commentary text Untranscribed commentary text within the lineοσοιγαρ ανομωςημαρτονανομωςκαιαπολουνταικαιοσοιεννομωημαρτονδιανομουκριθησονται